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Flattery Rocks National Wildlife Refuge
Flattery Rocks National Wildlife Refuge is the northernmost of the three refuges (along with Quillayute Needles and Copalis) which make up the Washington Maritime National Wildlife Refuge Complex, a group of 870 islands, rocks, and reefs extending for more than 100 miles along Washington's coast from Cape Flattery to Copalis Beach. These islands are protected from human disturbance, yet are close to abundant ocean food sources.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Flattery Rocks National Wildlife Refuge Profile )〕 They are closed to the public, with wildlife observation only from boats and the mainland, and a 200-yard buffer zone surrounding each island.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=About the Refuge )〕
They are a vital sanctuary where 14 species of seabirds nest and raise their young. During migration the total populations of seabirds, waterfowl, and shorebirds may exceed a million birds. Sea lions, harbor seals, sea otters, and whales may also be seen around the islands.〔
The refuge is within the boundary of Olympic Coast National Marine Sanctuary and Olympic National Park, and is also incorporated into the Washington Islands Wilderness. The three agencies cooperate on research programs and other issues that may have impacts on the resources.〔
==History==
The refuge was originally created as Flattery Rocks Reservation on October 23, 1907, by an executive order from Theodore Roosevelt. It encompassed the islands off the Washington coast between latitudes 48° 02′ North and 48° 23′ North.〔Executive Order 703, October 23, 1907.〕 It was renamed by a presidential proclamation on July 25, 1940.〔Proclamation 2416, July 25, 1940. Mentioned in the citations in the (National Wildlife Refuge Administration Act ).〕
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